James hmebson



J. EM ERSON.

Dynam'omete'r- Patented July 7, 1868.

Wilma-5mg NYPETERS FNDTO-UTHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D c.

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Letters Patent N0..79,56l, dated July 7, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN 'DYNAMQMETERS.

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Be it known that I, JAMES EMERSON, of Lowell, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Device for Weighing Power; and I'herehy declare the following tobe a fulhclear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings and letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 is a side elevation, one-half of the rim of the pnlly O beingremove'd. Figure 2 is an end view of the pulley O and the fiat side of the spider E.

The other drawings are separate parts in detail, and .in some cases the letters referred to will only be found with the separate pieces. v

'The object of my invention is to obtain a reliable dynamometer, so simple and cheap in its construction and operation, that aliasing power maybe ableto have the use of it. i

I will now proceed to describe its cons'trnctionand operation.

D D D is the frame,'in which the shaft 13 is supported. The pulley-c is the main driving-pulley,;rec'eivingits power direct by belt from the mbtor. It is placed loosely on the shaft B. The vccllarjs prevents the p y fromworking t he right. Close to the left end of the hub of pulley C is firmly keyed the spider E, over which the rim of the pulley C projects, as shown in fig. 1.

' 0n the faceof the spider, near its ends, are placed the sheaves n 12.. These sheaves work loosely on a steel stud, through their centre. The sheaves r9, near the hub of the. spider, are placed as shown in figs. 1 and 2. They also work on pins through their centre.

On-opposite sides oft-he pulley C are the holders, t t. These are cast to the rim of the pulley C, with holes through'them, in which the screws jjare placed. These screws have a nut on'them, each side of the holder t. The heads of the screws are slotted or forked, to receive a link of the chain c, to which it is permanently connected by a rivet, as shown in .fig 2., The chain thus being connected to-the rim 'of the pulley C, is carried in a line with the rim of 'the pulley to the end of the spider, then around the sheave '12, towards the centre bf-the spidennntil it reachesthe sheave rfpartially around that, out through the spider, until it reaches the sliding collar to one of the ears of which'it isfsecured by a rivet, as shown in fig. 1. A quarter turn is made in the chain, between-the sheaves r and n, as shown in figs. 1 and 2. I

The collarf slides freely on the shaft B, but is prevented from turning on the shaft by the spline The collar d,-shown'in section, is made in halves, andchambe'red, that it maybe packed with felt,':to hold oil. It is not round inside, but oval, the longest diameter of the opening being vertical. This forin t-islused-to prevent it from ever rcsting on the neck of the collar f, produ cing friction.

After- .the halves are packed, they are placed. aroundtheneck of the collarf, and secured together'by screws, through the ears, at the top and bottonn, The fork of the lever J is then placedziodtsitle of the collar, as shown in Figure 4, and the screws 6 inscrtedthrongh the prongs of thelever J.

The holes in the collar, for the-points of the screws, mustbe large enough to allow the collar to turn freely on the screws. v I

The collar cl being secured in the fork of the lever J, the lever is then suspended in the fork of thepro- 'jectingpiece L, which is bolted to the fra-ine D, As the collar d swings in the fork ofthe lever J, it describes the arc of a circle, the radius of which is equal to the distance between the screws b and the-pin 3 by which the lever J is suspended in the fork of the piece L. Thus it becomes necessarytohave the inside of the collar 41 more oval vertically than if it moved level with the shaftB. l

Through the top of the lever J, working loosely, is the eye-bolt K. Through this eye-bolt the screw 51: is placed, with a nuteach side-of the eye-bolt, the head of the screw beingslotted or forked, to which is attached the chain 2. In the same manner the chains 0 are connected to the screws jj.

The chaine, after being connected to the lcverJ by the screw 2:, is carriedto the right until it reaches the in line with the-shaft,.v

, roller a, passing around the said roller to the under side, and is there made fast to the roller by the eye-bolt p,

as shown in fig. 1. The .roller a is suspended from the frame D by a small steel. bolt through its centre, on

which it works loosely: From the roller projects the arm 77., to the lower end of which the ball G is attached,-

as shown in fig. 1.

The eye-bolt 7c is of suflicient length to carry the chain e and roller a to one side of the shaft B, so that the ball can swing up by the shaft without striking.

The index N is made of any suitable material, and secured to the frame, as shown in fig. 1, The piece marked u, above the index, is to swing out, to hold up the ball G when necessary. At the lower end of the index is the spring 2). The end of this, next the point of the arm It, stands out from the index sufliciently to prevent the arm from passing by it unless it is pressed back against the face of the index.

The spider E is forked at each end, and the forks are placed astride of the blocks 0 0, which are cast to the rim of the pulley C. When the rim of the pulley C. is connected to the ball G,-by the chains 0 and e, sliding collarf, 880., and the point of the arm h pointing to zero, one prong of the fork of the spider should rest against, the blocks 0, as shown in fig. 2, and the fork of the spider should be of sufficient width to allow the pulley. C to turn onthe shaft B enough to raise the ball G nearly level with the roller a. Then the other side of the blocks 0 o strike the other prongs'of the forks of the spider E, and prevent the ball G from being raised any higher.

The pulley A is keyed to the shaft 13,,and is only one of the many pulleys thatmay be placed on the shaft to drive different machines.

A portable dynamometer for weighing separate machines may be made in a light frame, but in that case I would advise that the chains cbe connected to the T-shaped piece marked 99, in Figure 3, instead of the connecting-collarf, before described. l

The T-shaped piece can only be used when the dynamometer is placed close. to the end of the shaft, a mortise being made'through the shaft, inside of the bearing in the frame D, and near the hub of the spider E A hole should then be drilled. in the centre of the shaft B, from the end outside of the bearing in the frame D, to the mortise, the T-shaped piece being placed in the shaft, the chains 0 connected to the short arms of the T, and the long arm projecting through the bearing, and out from the end of the shaft, as shown in fig. and the lever J should be connected to it-the same as to the ,collarf.

I should use this arrangement to carry the connection as near the centre of motion as possible, to avoid friction, and in all cases the'bearing-pins that support the lever J, the sheaves-n and r, roller a,- and the shaft where the pulley C works, should be as small as is possible consistent with safety;- and the longer the lever J, and the greater. the diameter of the pulley G, thesheaves n and r, and roller a, in proportion to their hearing, the better; and the advantage the T-piec'e hasover the collar f depends on its difference in weight and the size of its neck where the lever J is connected with it.

Operation.

When powenis communicated to the pulley C by belt from the motor, the pulley would turn on the shaft,

as it'is not keyed toit, if it were not for the rim of the pulley being connected to the ball G by the chains 0 and a, collarf, and the screws jj and 2:, but as the chains 0 run over the sheaves n, on the end of the spider .E, and as the spider E is rigidly secured to the shaft ]3, the spider acts as a fulcrum forthe connection of the rim of the pulley to the arm 72, and the pulley can only go back on the shaftB as the ball G is raised.

As the connecting-lever J is supported by the side frame D, as shown in-fig. 1, the action of the arm b has a tendency to draw the line of shafting to the left. This is stopped by havin gth e hub of the pulley strike the bearing in the frameiD, but when thepowe r used is great, the pressure is heavyfand if the dynamometer is kept in use all of the time, the end of the hub of the' pulley Areqnires frequent oiling, and it is found best to use the dynamometer only when required.

To allow'of this, the ball G is raised up and supported on the piece u. "While in that position, one prong of the forked ends of thespider E strikes against the stop 0 on the rimof the pulley C, clutching the pulley to the spider, so that they run together as they would if the pulley were keyed to the shaft, stopping all end strain on theshaft. Then, by simply dropping the ball,- the weight is shown at anytime.

When starting, the power is generally 11116VCD,3.Hd the arm swings wildly, solmueh so as toendanger its safety., For this reason the spring 1) becomes necessary. As the ball drops once past the spring, it is caught by it, and it can swing no more until released.

To mark the index N, place everything inits proper positionftnen hang a hundred pounds air the side of the pulley O, rap the pulley until the point of the indicator stops, make a sligh timark, then raise the arm, ,and rep or shake the pulley, and see if the pointer will-indicate as at first. When that point is established, hang on two hundred pounds, and repeat as at first, and-continue to do so until the index is graduated.

By connecting the ball G directly to the rim of the pulley O, therei can-be no multiplication of errors. Whatever strain comes on the pulley is communicated directly to the arm h and weight G. d

To obtain the amount of 'powerused, multiply the amount shown by the indicatdr by the speed of the pulley, and it will give the foot pounds per minute.

What I claim as new and-my invention, is- 7 1. Connecting the rim ofthe pulley C to the automatic indicating-arm It, when constructed substantially as described for the purpose name v 2. I claim the arrangement of the stop 0, in connection with the forked ends of the spider E,so that the pulley C will be clutched to the spider when the arm k is raised as described, for the purpose of taking the end pressure from the shaft, and to save the dynamometer from useless wear.

3. I claim makingthe collhr, cl oval in form, to prevent its resting on the neck of the collar; ing it as shown, to hold packing fer the purpose of constantly lubricating the neck of the collar 4. I claim the arrangement of the screws jj, nude: with nuts, t, that the connecting chains may be properly adjusted in length.

5. I claim the spring 1), for the purpose named. 6. I claim pivoting the also chambereachsi'de of the eye-bolt 7c, aha the holders eye-holt I: in the arm J, in the manner and for the purppse substantially as described.

' JAMES EMERSON. Witnesses: v

H. HALL,

NELSON W. SWETT- 

